Saturday, August 13, 2011

Independence Day

Every year on 15th August Independence Day is celebrated to mark India’s independence from the British rule. But do you know that according to original plans India was to gain independence some months later?

On 20 Feb 1947, British Prime Minister Attlee issued a statement in the parliament fixing the date of British withdrawal from India as 30th June 1948. But considering the rapidly deteriorating communal situation in the unified India, the then viceroy of India- Lord Mountbatten, proposed an early transfer of power on 15th Aug 1947. In July1947, Britain's Parliament passed the Indian Independence Act, which set a deadline of midnight on August 14-15, 1947 for "demarcation of the dominions of India."

Then Why Don’t India and Pakistan Celebrate Independence Day on the same day?

indo-pak-flag India and Pakistan got partitioned during the midnight of 14-15 August 1947. Pakistan was formed before 12 and India was formed after 12. That is why, Pakistan celebrate their Independence Day one day earlier than India.

Note: If someone can throw more light on this, or point us to some historical evidence, we’ll be grateful.

  • Do you know after the partition, Pakistan used Indian currency with "Pakistan" stamped on it for the first few months till there was enough circulation of Pakistani notes. Check the image of the Pakistan’s currency note of that time and read other interesting facts.
One Mr Bhadra has provided a different perspective to this through his comment on a blog post here. Referring to a book written by Mr KN Rao, head of Astrological Division of Bharatiya Vidhya Bhavan, New Delhi, he says,
Bringing the declaration to the midnight and thereby continuing on to 15 August was a well planned move based solely on Astrological Consideration, determined by three Brahmins, namely Pundit Herdeo Joshi, Rajendra Prasad and S.Radhakrishanan. They decided the time in accordance with the suitability for coronation of Nehru and longevity of his Royal tenure.
Midnight of 14 / 15 was the most suitable time with “Pushyami Nakshtra”, “Sarva Siddhi Yoga” and Taurus as a stable ascendant rising and coinciding with the natal ascendant of Nehru.
These considerations gave India 15 Aug as Independence Day.

Wednesday, August 10, 2011

Tiranga Gaado !!!

Mera Bharat Mahan


I wrote a poem titled  Mera Bharat Mahaan sometime in middle school, and remember submitting it for the school annual magazine. The class teacher pretty much rubbished me,  implying that there was no way i had written the poem myself. (It was that good, apparently!)
I don’t recall the exact poem myself, but here’s a similar version. The poem is in Hindi, so apologies to readers who don’t understand the language.
Translating into English would not recreate the magic, so not doing that for now. If you would like a translated version, drop me a comment.
Here we go – Mera Bharat Mahaan
Hamari sabhyata ka sab karte bakhaan
Duniya bhar mein hai iska gungaan
Ye desh jo hai hum sab ki shaan
Mera Bharat Mahaan
Neta hamare sabse balwaan
Kabhi nahi rukte unke koi kaam
Life mein unko hai poora aaraam
Mera Bharat Mahaan
Aam aadmi ki zindagi sasti
Rookhi sookhi si iski basti
Karna padta ise pet ke liye kaam
Mera Bharat Mahaan
Gandhi ne diya hamen ahinsa ka paath
Humne kaat diye ek doosre ke haath
Bapu ka bas rah gaya naam
Mera Bharat Mahaan
Padosi mulkon se lagatar ghamasan
Dharm ke naam pe marta insaan
Neta hamare ban gaye haiwan
Mera Bharat Mahaan
Hindi Cheeni Bhai Bhai
China ne fir missile chalayi
Shanti ka de diya pramaan
Mera Bharat Kitna Mahaan
Software mein kari tarakki
Pokhran mein dikhayi shakti
Uda diya humne Chandrayaan
Mera Bharat Mahaan
Naye yug mein jagrati aayi
Bhartiyon mein rashtriyata samaayi
Desh ka badhne laga sammaan
Mera Bharat really Mahaan

Astonishing Scientific Achievements Of Ancient India!


Acharya Bharadwaj (800 BCE) was the pioneer of aviation technology and has written ‘Yantra Sarvasa’ which includes astonishing and outstanding discoveries. He at the time described three categories of flying machines that travel from one planet to another but also astonishingly from one universe to another. Space travel existed in the ancient Vedic times, something that science today has even barely broken the surface on.

Acharya Kapil (3000 BCE) was the father of cosmology. His research on primal matter and creation makes today's science look like an introductory course. The big bang theory? How about when he answers questions on the creation of the universe. Hindus were far ahead of their times. The proof exists in our sacred books.

Acharya Charak (600 BCE) was the father of Medicine. His renowned work ‘Charak Samhita’ which is considered the encyclopedia of Ayurveda today goes in depth about his principals, diagnoses and cures that still retain their potency and truth even after a couple of millennia. His research led to the facts of the Human anatomy, embryology, pharmacology, blood circulation and diseases like diabetes , tuberculosis, heart disease, etc. Charak Samhita describes medicinal qualities and functions of 100,000 herbal plants that today's science is still doing research on.

Acharya Kanad (600 BCE) was the founder of Atomic Theory. In his ‘Vaisheshik Darshan’ treatise he wrote "Every object of creation is made of atoms which in turn connect with each other to form molecules". This statement ushered in the Atomic Theory for the first time ever in the world, nearly 2500 years before John Dalton.

Rishi Nagarjuna (100 CE) The Master of Chemical Science. His vast research produced maiden discoveries and inventions in the faculties of Chemistry and Metallurgy. His textual masterprices like ‘Ras Ratnakar’, ‘Rashrudaya’ and ‘Rasendramangal’ are his contributions to Chemistry. Where medieval alchemists of England failed, Rishi Nagarjuna has discovered the alchemy of transmuting base metals into gold. His discoveries still impress and astonish scientists today.

Rishi Aryabhatt (476 CE) Master Astronomer and Mathematician. At the age of just 23 he wrote a text on astronomy and an unparalleled treatise on mathematics called ’Aryanbhatiyam’. He formulated the process of calculating the motion of planets and the time of eclipses. (100 years ago, the church had problems describing and accepting this as a scientific phenomenon). Aryabhatt was the first to claim that the earth was round, it rotates on its axis, orbits the sun and suspended in space – 1000 years ago before Copernicus published his heliocentric theory. Aryabhatt was the first to acknowledge the Pi to four decimal place (3.1416) and the sine table in trigonometry. Centuries later, in 825 CE, the Arab mathematician Ibna Musa credited the value of Pi to the Indians, "This value has been given by the Hindus". Above all Rishi Aryabhatt’s most spectacular contribution is the concept of zero without which modern computers technology would have been non-existent.

Rishi Varahamihir (499-587 CE) - Master Scientist, Astrologer and Astronomer. In his book ‘Panchsiddhant’, he notes that the moon and the planets are lustrous not because of their own light but due to sunlight. In the ‘Bruhad Samhita’ and ‘Bruhad Jatak’, he revealed his discoveries in the domains of geography, constellation science, botany and animal science.

Rishi Bhaskaracharya II (1114-1183) - Master of Algebra/Geometry/Astronomy. His works in Algebra, Arithmetic and Geometry catapulted him to fame and immortality. His renowned works are ‘Lilavani’ and ‘Bijaganita’ which are considered unparalleled. In his works ‘Surya Siddhant’, he makes a note on the force of gravity: "Objects fall on earth due to a force of attraction by the earth. Therefore the earth, the planets, constellations, moon and sun are held in orbit due to this attraction".

Bhaskaracharya was the first to discover gravity, 500 years before Isaac Newton.

Tuesday, August 9, 2011

जागा हिंदुस्तान

नई दिल्ली। 15 अगस्त यानी आजादी की सालगिरह के मौके पर आईबीएन अपनी खास पेशकश ‘जागा हिंदुस्तान’ के जरिए रोशनी डाल रहा है उन तमाम आंदोलनों पर जब आम भारतीयों ने आंदोलन की कमान अपने हाथ में ली और देश में बड़ा बदलाव आया। इसी कड़ी में सबसे पहले बात हुई देश के सबसे पहले बड़े जनांदोलन यानि असहयोग आंदोलन की।
ये बीसवीं सदी का शुरुआती दौर था। 1903 में 75 रुपये से ज्यादा आमदनी वाले भारतीयों की तादाद केवल 16 हजार थी। इधर बांटो और राज करो की नीति के तहत अंग्रेजों ने 1905 में बंगाल का विभाजन कर दिया। इसके खिलाफ पूरा बंगाल वंदेमातरम के नारों से गूंज उठा। 1915 में दक्षिण अफ्रीका से भारत लौटने पर गांधी जी ने स्वदेशी के मंत्र को और मारक बना दिया। उन्होंने तन पर एक धोती लपेट कर हिंदुस्तान के सबसे गरीब आदमी की तरह रहने का संकल्प लिया। सत्य और अहिंसा पर उनकी आस्था ने जनता की नजर में उन्हें संत बना दिया।
IBN7 की खास पेशकश ‘जागा हिंदुस्तान’-असहयोग आंदोलन
ये प्रथम विश्वयुद्ध का दौर था। अंग्रेजों ने वादा किया था कि वे युद्ध खत्म होने के बाद भारतीयों को कुछ विशेष सुविधाएं देंगे। लेकिन 1919 में उन्होंने रौलट एक्ट का तोहफा दिया। इसके तहत किसी को भी शक के आधार पर गिरफ्तार किया जा सकता था। ना अपील, ना कोई दलील और ना ही वकील। गांधी जी ने इसके खिलाफ देशव्यापी हड़ताल का आह्वान किया। 13 अप्रैल को बैसाखी के दिन अमृतसर के जलियांवाला बाग में हो रही सभा पर जनरल डायर ने अंधाधुंध गोलियां चलाईं। करीब एक हजार लोग मारे गए। देश में आग लग गई।



1 अगस्त 1920 को गांधी जी ने असहयोग आंदोलन की घोषणा कर दी। सरकारी स्कूलों का बहिष्कार किया गया, उपाधियां लौटाई गईं, जगह-जगह विदेशी कपड़ों की होली जलाई गई। गांधी का चरखा घर-घर पहुंच गया। साथ ही हिंदू-मुस्लिम एकता पर खास जोर दिया गया। लेकिन 5 फरवरी 1922 को उत्तर प्रदेश के गोरखपुर जिले में चौरीचौरा में भीड़ ने पुलिस चौकी में आग लगा दी। 21 सिपाही और थानेदार की मौत हो गई। अहिंसा का व्रत टूटने की वजह से गांधी जी ने आंदोलन वापस ले लिया। नेहरू से लेकर सुभाष बोस तक ने आपत्ति की लेकिन गांधी जी की नजर बहुत दूर देख रही थी।
बहरहाल, इस आंदोलन ने स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन को एक नया तेवर दिया। कांग्रेस अब मध्यवर्ग से निकलकर किसानों, मजदूरों और युवाओं के बीच पहुंच गई थी। सबसे बड़ी बात गांधीजी के रूप में देश को एक ऐसा नेता मिला जिसके वादे पर लोगों को यकीन था। असहयोग आंदोलन असफल रहा,लेकिन इसने लोगों के मन से डर निकाल दिया। जेल की सलाखें हों या फांसी का फंदा, भावनाओं के ज्वार के आगे सब छोटे पड़ गए।

Monday, August 8, 2011

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